Flats :
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For those that don’t know, flats are what a colorist uses to select different parts of the art without affecting others. Although this is a very tedious part of coloring, it saves you a huge headache later on, as we’ll see. Sometimes when working with a larger publisher or team, you might receive the pages with the flats already done, but since that isn’t always the case, let’s work on that too.
Normally all the flats are done in one layer (the background layer for example), but since we’re going to be creating the background, it’s best if we put the characters on one layer and the background on another. This is done easily – in the layers window, press the “new layer” button found at the bottom of the window. This will create a new layer; let’s call that layer “flats-characters”. Now double-click on the background layer, click ok and rename it “flats-background”.
Make sure the “flats-characters” layer is selected before continuing to the next step.
Now we start laying the flats using the Polygon Lasso tool, which can found in the tools menu (Fig.07). Select the tool, zoom into your line art and start selecting along the lines. Be careful not to select outside the lines; it will make it all look messy further on. And make sure the settings in the sub-menu are as shown in Fig.08.

Fig.07
Fig.08

The process is simple: click along the lines until you have the object you want to fill selected and then fill it with the paint bucket tool.
A quick word about the way I prefer to do my flats. I pick the color that’s going to be used most on the character and fill in my whole character with that color, as seen in Fig.09. This way, when I want to add the other colors, I can select more loosely. If I select a boot very tightly along the leg, for example, and then select part of the background, when I click with the bucket on the boot, only the parts with the same color will fill with the new color - the background won’t be affected. This can be used with all your flats.
Fig.09
Now, use the same technique to lay down all your flats on the characters and then do the same on the background layer until you have something similar to what I have here. It doesn’t really matter what colors you use here, because you change them at any time (Fig.10).

Fig.10
Part 2 : Creating The Background
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So you’ve got your line art prepared and your flats are laid down… where to go from here? What I generally like to do, is finish off the background first. That way I define all the light sources and colors that will influence the page.
In this piece the artist has left us without any concrete background and I thought that instead of just adding a gradient or simple background, we could create a background. And what better background then some storm clouds (because of Storm of course!)
So to start, let’s turn off the character flats layer and the line art, which basically leaves us with the background flats (Fig.11).
Fig.11
Creating The Lightning :
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Ok, so let’s start with some great lightning! Create a new layer above the flats layer by pressing the “new layer” button. Call this layer “Lightning”. (To change the name, remember to just double-click on the name in the layers window) (Fig.12).
Fig.12
Select only the lighting by going to your flats layer and using the Magic Wand tool with the settings shown in Fig.13.

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Go back to your Lightning layer and fill the selected area white with the paint bucket tool, or by pressing CTRL + Backspace (if white is your background color) or ALT + Backspace (if white is your foreground color).
Next right click on your layer (in the layers window) and select Blending options (Fig.14).
Fig.14
In the pop-up window go to Outer Glow and use the settings as seen in Fig.15. Click OK and that’s your lighting done!

Fig.15
Creating The Storm Clouds :
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So now we want to create volume in our background, so let’s get cracking. Create a new layer above the flats layer and below the lightning layer and call it “Clouds”. Fill that layer with a dark, grey blue color as seen in Fig.16.
Fig.16
Select the brush tool and choose a hard round brush from the list, with the following settings (Fig.17).
Fig.17
Now, using a lighter blue, lightly create some random shapes to give some form to the clouds. Remember to vary the size of the paintbrush and try not making it too logical – clouds aren’t geometrical. (For those that have a Wacom tablet, you can change the size of your brush with the “[“ and “]” keys.) The results of this can be seen in Fig.18.
Fig.18
Fig.19 shows the contours that we’re going to follow.
Fig.19
Now, pick an even lighter blue and start creating volume along the shapes you created in the previous step (Fig.20).
Fig.20
Something to keep in mind: the clouds have more volume where the light hits them and fade off the further from the light they are.
Now we’ve got nice fluffy clouds, but to give them even more definition, select the color white and go back in with a smaller paint brush. Just follow the contours of the clouds, varying between large and small curves.
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Next you go back in and do the same thing in some of the lighter parts of your cloud (Fig.21)
Fig.21
At this point your clouds are basically finished, but if you feel they’re a bit rough you can blur them a little by going to the top menu and going to Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur (but be careful not to overdo the blur).
Also if you want to tweak the contrast of the clouds, then, also in the top menu, go to Image > Adjustments > Brightness/Contrast.
I did just a little tweaking with those two options and then I turned my line art and character flats back on, and the result I had so far can be seen in Fig.22. (Don’t worry about the lines destroying your great lightning; we’ll fix that later on!)
Fig.22
Part 3 : Rendering Emma Frost
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Now let’s get down to the interesting part, the rendering of our characters. Let’s start off with Emma Frost, because she’s a little less complicated.
Before rendering, we need to prepare some things. First let’s decide on the brush because the technique here varies depending on your equipment. I’ll show you two different settings that I learned from two great colorists.
Paintbrush (with Wacom Tablet) - learned from Marte (Fig.23).
Fig.23
The Mode setting changes between “Hard Light” and “Normal”, depending on your needs. This isn’t enough though; we still have to go to the brush setting and change some things. To go to your settings, click on the button in the top right hand corner with your paintbrush selected. You should get a menu similar to the one in Fig.24. Change your settings to match.
Fig.24
Paintbrush (with Optical Mouse) – learned from Andy Poole (Fig.25 & Fig.26).
Fig.25 Fig.26

Now I have to say that with a mouse it’s a lot harder, because you constantly have to change the “Opacity” between 15% and 30% and, like the brush above, we’ll keep changing the Mode setting between Hard Light and Normal.
So now we’re set, let’s get going on the rendering.
Emma’s skin and costume:
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First off let’s change some layer settings. Create a new layer above your flats/character layer and while keeping your finger pressed on the ALT key, pass your cursor between the layers in the layers panel until the cursor changes to what seems like 2 circles overlapping. Then click and you should now have a setup similar to the one seen in Fig.27.
Fig.27
With the flats layer selected, use the magic wand tool to select Emma’s skin, then change to the layer above and fill it with the bucket tool. Here I used the color #b99c93.
Some of you might be asking how I knew to choose this color, or what made me choose it. There is no sure fire way with skin colors. In this case I took into consideration that Emma Frost is usually depicted as having a very pale, soft complexion and so I went for a colder, darker purple. But don’t worry, because if we get to the end and find that the color isn’t right then we can change it easily.
Now it’s important to note that the next few steps are some of the hardest and yet most important parts of the whole process. If you get this wrong in the beginning it’s very hard to fix when you’re finished.
Let’s define the light source(s). As you can see in Fig.28, I decided to add two light sources. Obviously the one on the left comes from the lightning, while the one on the right comes from an overall area. I could have opted for a dark and moody image, where the only light sources came from the right, but I guess I just wanted to give more impact to the characters.
Fig.28